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| A solar flare can rise hundreds of thousands of miles above the limb. | Sunspots are regions on the sun's surface that are cooler (hence darker) than their surroundings. | The very hot and tenuous solar corona is seen at total eclipse |
As a star, the Sun is fairly average in terms of mass, surface temperature, spectral type, radius and luminosity. It occupies a spot roughly in the center of the H-R diagram.
The temperature and density of the Sun vary dramatically from the center of the Sun to the outside.
The Sun currently produces its luminosity via hydrogen burning.
The Sun controls its rate of energy generation.
We have a good idea of how the Sun will evolve. Hence, we know how the Sun will change its spectral type in the future.
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